De ontdekking van het maanijs is geen nieuws voor ASTRONET. Reeds in 1993 werd over de ontdekking ervan - in de krater Amundsen aan de zuidpool van de maan (!) - gespeculeerd in De Maan, de honderdste reisgids uit de Dominicus-reeks, die dit jaar in een vertaalde en bijgewerkte versie op de markt kwam als het Moon Handbook: A 21st-century Travel Guide.
Door de ontdekking van het maanijs komt de mogelijkheid om permanente kolonies op de maan te vestigen snel dichterbij. Koop nu de boven vermelde reisgids en boek uw tocht naar de maan!
Meer nieuws over het maanijs is te vinden bij CNN.
Het volledige research-artikel is te lezen in Science magazine.Uitleg en diverse links zijn ook te vinden als Astronomy Picture of the Day van 4 december 1996.
Een opname van de zuidpool op de maan- met de gebieden waar ijs is aangetroffen daarop rood gekleurd - is te vinden in het Sky & Telescope's Weekly News Bulletin, December 6, 1996.
Uit "De Maan" (Dominicus Reeks, Uitgeverij J.H. Gottmer/H.J.W. Becht bv, 1993):
pagina 21:
pagina 64:
In de donkere delen van Amundsen worden de laagste temperaturen op de maan aangetroffen. En toch is het hier een en al bedrijvigheid. Het is op deze plaats dat Amerikaanse en Japanse robotverkenners een bijna onuitputtelijke voorraad waterijs in de bodem aantroffen. Ooit sloeg hier een voornamelijk uit waterijs bestaande komeetkop op de maandbodem. In een eeuwig donkere vallei van Amundsen bleef het ijs voor het zonlicht gespaard, waardoorn het nu kan worden gewonnen.
Uit het "Moon Handbook: A 21st-century Travel Guide" (februari 1996):
Pagina's 103-104:
The dark parts of Amundsen are the coldest on the Moon. But a great deal
of activity goes on here, for this is where American and Japanese
robot prospectors discovered a nearly inexhaustible supply of ice in
1997. Two months after the Lunar Prospector of NASA and the Space
Studies Intstitute in Princeton came across the ice, the Japanese sent
their Lunar A to the Moon to investigate further. It plunged a probe equipped
with scientific instruments into the site, and it relayed a complete chemical
analysis back to Earth. The analysis confirmed the presence of ice.
As water can be broken down into oxygen and hydrogen, the discovery of
ice meant that these two gases no longer had to be transported from the
Earth to the Moon. Of course it was long known that oxygen could
easily be extracted from lunar rocks. But lunar rocks contain little or
no hydrogen, and a mixture of oxygen and hydrogen is needed to produce
a high-grade rocket fuel.
The discovery of ice provided the impetus for the joint Return to the Moon
project. Several years later, in the year 2000, Earth's spece agencies
launched the International Lunar Quinquennium, a five-year program proposed
by the Europeans. The program tested key technologies ans sent a host of
scientific missions to the Moon. The Moon was settled beginning in the year
2009, and Amundsen's ice is distributed to water-processing plants in
the lunar bases and to the factories in Moon City that produce rocket fuel.
Long ago, a comet consisting predominantly of ice must have crashed here.
In the eternaly dark Amundsen Valley, the ice never felt the heat of the
Sun, but awaited the arrival of humankind.
Pagina's 64-65:
A revival of lunar exploration came unexpectedly with the Clementine
mission to the Moon. Clementine, an unmanned spacecraft that orbited the
Moon for 71 days in 1994, was a military mission that piggybacked astronomical
experiments. Clementine recorded about 1.5 million images in 11 visible
and near-infrared colors. A mosaic of 1,500 images of the lunar South Pole
was particularly intriguing. it revealed for the first time a depression
four billion years old and 2,500 km wide near the pole.
The depression is christened the South Pole-Aitken Basin.
Within the basin is an impact crater 12 km deep - more than seven times as deep as the
Grand Canyon - and 300 km wide. It's by far the deepest impact crater in
the solar system.
Part of the basin stretches to the South Pole itself. There, at Amundsen
crater and the Mountain of Eternal Light, sunlight never penetrates. Since it
remains at a frigid -230°C, it became a perfect icy storehouse for water
that comets brought to the Moon.
"This is the place on the Moon where you would go to get ice for your
cocktail," joked Clementine investigator and geologist Eugene M. Shoemaker
when he saw the photographs.
Later missions did find ice deposits, though they were too dirty for
immediate use in cocktails. But after purification the ice proved to be
a most valuable source of drinking water. The ice's oxygen and hydrogen
molecules are also used in the production of spacecraft fuel.